Graduate Management Admission Test also known as CMAT is a standardized exam generally accepted by the business schools to test and judge how brilliantly students will going to perform in an MBA Program. The GMAT exam comprises basic verbal, mathematical and analytical writing skills. The GMAT is a three-and-one-half hour computer adaptive test (CAT). Four sections are there in GMAT.
Section Time
Writing Analysis of Issue: Essay: 30 minutes.
Writing Analysis of Argument: Essay: 30 minutes
Math: 37 Question: 75 minutes.
Verbal: 41 Questions: 75 minutes.
GRADUATE APTITUDE TEST IN ENGINEERING – GATE
What is GATE?
The Graduate Aptitude Test in Engineering (GATE) is an all-India Examination administered and organized in eight zones across the country by the GATE Committee consisting of faculty from Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore and seven Indian Institutes of Technology on behalf of the National Coordinating Board-GATE, Department of Education, Ministry of Human Resources Development (MHRD), Government of India, Candidates in the second or higher year of the Four-year Integrated Master’s degree programme (Post-B.Sc.) in Engineering/ Technology or in the third or higher year of Five-year Integrated Master’s degree programme and Dual Degree programme in Engineering/Technology, Candidates with qualifications obtained through examinations organized by professional societies accredited by UPSC?AICTE (e.g. AMIE) as equivalent to B.E./B.Tech. Those students who complete Section A or some similar kind of professional courses are also eligible. Students are not familiar with the fact that there are several institutions in this country, proving specialized postgraduate programmes in various different disciplines. Attractive scholarship or Assistantship for postgraduate courses in engineering/Technology/Architecture/Pharmacy at Engineering colleges as well as institutes are available for those candidates, who qualify through GATE. Objectives to find out outstanding and encouraged candidates for admission to Post Graduate Programmes in Engineering, Technology, Architecture and Pharmacy at the National level. To use as benchmark for normalization of the Undergraduate Engineering Education in the country. Why GATE is crucial M-Tech degree focuses on specialization and furthering of interest in a relevant area which may leads to PHD. M-Tech is the best degree, for those students who wants to apply for Faculty or Research positions in Educational Institutes/R & D centers.
Crucial dates availability of GATE forms: October, 1st week, Last date for filling up forms: November, 1st week, Exam Date: 2nd Sunday of February, Results: March 15th.
Examination Details: The examination will consist of one single paper with 3 hours time duration and basically comprises 2 sections namely-Section ‘A’ which will be Objective Type and of 75 marks and Section ‘B’ which will be Problem Type and of 75 marks. Total: 150 marks. You can opt for your subject and study as per the syllabus specified in the GATE brochure. The subjects of our interest are Computer Science and Engineering, Electronics & Communication engineering, Electrical Engineering and Instrumentation Engineering, Other subjects are also available like Mathematic, Physics etc. Results of qualified candidates I GATE will give All India Rank and indicate percentile score i.e. a percentile score of 99 means you are in the top 1% category of the candidates who have given GATE. The candidates who secured less than 70 percentile will not get score card. GATE scores are valid for 2years. You can also give the GATE exam again if you did not score well in the earlier attempt and the new score if incase better than the old one, and then will to be used for the purpose of admission. What to do after Examination after the GATE result got published; the students must apply into individual institutes to avail the application forums. The institutes also advertise M.Tech admissions in the famous newspapers from 1st April till end July. Many institutes do not advertise so the students have to avail the forms by themselves. In the application form, you need to specify your GATE scores with the other crucial details. The institute will organize a written test and/or interview for the process of admission. General thump rules: if your GATE score in Computer Science is 96 percentile or more then you can to for IITs, if between 85-96 percentile, then apply for top RECs, JADAVPUR, SHIBPUR, RORKEE etc. if less than 85, you can do go for any other institutes, scholarship meanwhile the pursuit of M.Tech., you will get a scholarship of Rs. 5000/- per month by the Government of India. This amount is enough for living expenses covering the expenditure of books etc. The scholarship will be paid for the 18 months M.Tech. period. Crucial motivate and induce 3rd year students to give GATE along with Final year students as; GATE score is valid for 1 year. The syllabus as required by GATE is basically over by 5th semester, students can give a second attempt, if negative result arrives.
GATE Eligibility:
The candidates possessing required academic background, which are stated below are qualified to give the GATE Examination: The bachelor’s degree holders Engineering/Technology/Architecture/Pharmacy i.e. 4 years after 10 + 2 and those candidates who are studying in the final year of respective programmes. The master degree holders in any stream of Science/Mathematics/Statistics Computer Applications or equivalent and those candidates who are studying in the final year of respective programmes. The candidates studying in the second or higher year of the Four-year Integrated Master’s degree programme i.e. Post-B.Sc. in Engineering/Technology or in the third or higher year of Five-year Integrated Master’s degree programme and dual degree programme in Engineering or Technology candidates possessing the qualifications obtained through the examination organized by professional societies accredited by UPSC/AICTE e.g. AMIE as similar to B.E. or B.Tech, candidates who have done with Section A or Similar kind of such professional courses are also qualified.
Eligibility Conditions it must be noted that only the mentioned categories of candidates are qualified to appear for GATE 2013. Essential crucial documents must be attached and submitted ONLINE or via a post meanwhile the submission of the application form.
GATE Marking Scheme:
For 1 mark multiple choice questions, 1/3 mark will be deducted for a wrong answer. Likewise, for 2 marks multiple choice question, 2/3 mark will be deducted for a wrong answer. However, for the linked answer question pair, where each question carries 2 marks, 2/3 mark will be deducted for a wrong answer to the first question only. Negative marking will not be there for the wrong answer to the second question of the linked answer question pair. If the first question in the linked pair is wrongly answered or it left unattempted, then the answer to the second question in the pair will not be examined. Negative marking is not there for the numerical answer type questions i.e. numerical answer type questions will appear only in the papers for which the exam is organized ONLINE only. General Aptitude (GA) questions in every paper, GA questions will be of multiple choices and with a total of 15 marks. GA questions will be of multiple choices and with a total of 15 marks. The GA section comprises 5 questions carrying 1 mark each (sub-total 5 marks) and 5 questions carrying 2 marks each (sub-total 10 marks). Question papers other than GG, XE and XL such papers would have 25 questions carrying one mark each (sub-total 25 marks) and 30 questions carrying two marks each (sub-total 60 marks). Out of these, two pairs of questions would be general data questions and two pairs of questions would be linked answer questions. In case of the ONLINE papers, the question paper will consist of questions of multiple choice type and numerical answer type. In case of the multiple choice type questions, each question will have four choices. For numerical answer type questions, each question will have a number as the answer and choices will not be given. The answer needs to be entered with the help of a mouse and a virtual keypad that will appear on the screen. GG (Geology and Geophysics) paper apart from the General Aptitude (GA) section, the GG question paper consists of two parts: Part A and Part B. Part A is general for all candidates Part B contains two sections: section 1 (Geology) and Section 2 (Geo-physics). Candidates need to attempt questions in Part A and either Section 1 or Section 2 in Part B. Part A consists of 25 multiple choice questions carrying 1-mark each (sub-total 25 marks & some of these may be numerical questions). Each section in Part B (section 1 and Section 2) consists of 30 multiple choice questions carrying 2 marks each (sub-total 60 marks and some of these may be numerical questions). Two pairs of questions would be linked answer questions. XE Paper (Engineering Sciences) in case of XE paper, Engineering Mathematics section (Section A) is mandatory. This section contains 11 multiple choice questions carrying a total of 15 marks: 7 questions carrying 1-mark each (sub-total 7 marks) and 4 questions carrying 2-marks each (sub-total 8 marks). Some of the MCQs may be substituted by numerical questions. Each of the other sections of the XE paper (Sections B through G) contains 22 questions carrying a total of 35 marks: 9 questions carrying 1 mark each (sub-total 9 marks) and 13 questions carrying 2 marks each (sub-total 26 marks). Out of the 2 mark questions, 2 pairs are general data questions and 1 pair is linked answer questions. Some of the MCQs may be substituted by numerical questions. XL Paper (Life Sciences) in case of XL paper, Chemistry section (Section H) is mandatory. This section contains 15 multiple choice questions carrying a total of 25 marks: 5 questions carrying 1 mark each (sub-total 5 marks) and 10 questions carrying 2-marks each sub-total 20 marks). Out of the 2-mark questions, 1 pair is general data questions, and 1 pair is linked answer questions. Some of the MCQs may be substituted by numerical questions. Each of the other sections of the XL paper (Sections I through M) contains 20 multiple choice questions carrying a total of 30 marks: 10 questions carrying 1 mark each (sub-total 10 marks) and 10 questions carrying 2 marks each (sub-total 20 marks). Some of the MCQs may be substituted by numerical questions.
GATE Exam Structure:
Keep your eye and stay aware regarding the changing syllabus of GATE informs others too pertaining to its dynamic nature. The GATE examination comprises of a single paper with 3 hours of time duration consisting of 60 questions, with the maximum of 100 marks. The question paper will design with only multiple choice questions i.e. MCQs. Every question will have four choices, however only one choice will be correct, you need to mark the correct choice on an Optical Response Sheet i.e. ORS by darkening the correct bubble against each question. Negative marking will also be there for the wrong answers marked, as mentioned in the pattern of question paper. The candidates can opt for any one of the papers stated below-Paper-Code Aerospace Engineering-AE Instrumentation Engineering-IN Agricultural Engineering-AG Mathematics-MA Architecture and planning-AR Mechanical Engineering-ME Civil Engineering-CE mining Engineering-MN Chemical Engineering-CH Metallurgical Engineering-MT Computer Science and Information Technology-CS Physics-PH Chemistry-CY Production and Industrial Engineering-EC Pharmaceutical Sciences-PY Electrical Engineering-EE Textile Engineering and Fiber Science-TF Geology and Geophysics-GG# Engineering Sciences-XE life × Life Sciences- XL × #GG (Geology & Geophysics) paper will comprise of two parts: Part A and Part B. part A will be common to both Geology and Geophysics candidates. Part B will contain two sections: Section 1 (Geology) and Section 2 (Geophysics). Geology candidates need to attempt questions in Section 1 only. Geophysics candidates need to attempt questions in Section 2 only. × Papers XE and XL are of general nature and will comprise the sections stated below: XE paper sections (Engineering Sciences) XL paper sections (Life Sciences) Sections CODE Engineering Mathematics (Compulsory) A Chemistry (Compulsory) H Fluid Mechanics B Biochemistry I Materials Science C Biotechnology J Solid Mechanics D Botany K Thermodynamics E Microbiology L polymer Science and Engineering F Zoology M Food Technology G. The candidates giving XE or XL paper need to answer tree sections. Sections (A) and (H) are mandatory in XE and XL papers respectively. The candidates can opt for any two out of the remaining sections stated against the respective papers. The choice of the appropriate paper is the responsibility of the candidate. Important guidelines regarding this context are mentioned as follows- candidate needs to appear in any one of the papers listed above, suitable to the discipline of his or her qualifying degree, candidate is free to opt for any paper as per his or her admission plan, focus on the eligibility criteria of the institutions in which he or she wants to take admission.
GATE Paper Pattern:
The examination for the papers with codes AE, AG, AR, BT, CE, CH, CY, GG, MA, MN, MT, PH, TF, XE, and XL will be organized ONLINE using computers where the candidates need to select the answer for each question using a mouse. In case of all the other papers (CS, EC, EE, IN, ME, & PI), the exam will be organized OFFLINE to which candidates will have to mark the correct choice on an Optical Response Sheet (ORS) by darkening the correct bubble against each question. All the papers will have a total of 65 questions carrying 100 marks. In that 10 questions carrying total of 15 marks are in General Aptitude (GA). The remaining of 85% of the total marks is devoted to the syllabus of the paper as mentioned in the syllabus section. GATE 2013 would comprise questions of four different types in various papers: MCQs Multiple choice questions carrying 1 or 2 marks each; each of the multiple choice objective questions in all papers and sections will contain four answers of which one correct answer is to be marked.
Common data questions (which are also MCQs) where tow successive questions use the similar set of input data.
Example statement for Common Data Questions for instance for questions 48 and 49 in Main Paper: Let X and Y be jointly distributed random variables such that the conditional distribution of Y, given X=x, is uniform on the interval (x-1, x+1), Let E(X)=1 and Var (X)=5/3. First question using common data: the mean of the random variable Y is ½ 1 3/2 2 Second question using common data: the variance of the random variable Y is ½ 2/3 1 2 linked answer questions (which are also MCQs) where the answers to the first question in the pair is required to answer its successor. Example: statement for linked answer question, for instance, for questions 52 and 53 in Main Paper: An Ecoli cell of volume 10 – 12 cm3 contains 60 molecules of lac-repressor. The repressor has a binding affinity (d) of 10 – 8 M and 10 – 9M with and without lactose respectively, in the medium. First question of the pair: The molar concentration of the repressor in the cell is – 0.1 nM 1 nM 10 nM 100 nM second question of the pair: Therefore the lac-operon is- repressed and can only be induced with lactose repressed and cannot be induced with lactose not repressed expressed only when glucose and lactose are present. Numerical answer questions where the answer is a number to be entered by the candidate using the mouse and a virtual keypad that will be given on the screen. Design of questions the questions in a paper aim to test the crucial abilities: recall these are solely dependent on facts, principles, formulae or laws of the discipline of the paper. The candidate needs to get the answer either form his or her memory of the subject or at most from a one-line computation. Example during machining maximum beat is produced- in flank face in rake face in shear zone due to friction between chip and tool comprehension these questions aim to examine the candidate’s knowledge of the basics of his or her field, by inducing them to draw simple conclusions from basic fundamental ideas.
Example: a DC motor needs a starter in order to develop a starting torque compensate for auxiliary field ampere turns limit armature current at staring provide regenerative braking application in these question in these questions, the candidate is these can be linked answer questions, where the answer to the first question of the pair needs to be in order to answer its successor or these can be common date questions, in which two questions share the same data but can be solved independently of each other.
Common data based questions: tow questions are linked to a common data problem, passage and the like.
Each question is independent and its solution is obtainable from the above problem data or passage (answer of the previous question is not required to solve the next question). Each question under this group will comprise of two marks.
Linked answer questions: these questions are of problem solving type.
A problem statement is followed by two questions based on the problem statement. The two questions are well prepared in such a manner that the solution to the second question depends upon the answer to the first one. The forest answer is an ultimate step in working out the second answer. Each question in such ‘linked answer questions’ will carry two marks.
Examples of each of this design will be mention in the types of questions above: the questions will be dependent on four logics may be a mix of single stand alone statement/phrase/data type questions, combination of option codes type questions or match items type questions.
INTERNATIONAL ENGLISH LANGUAGE TESTING SYSTEM – IELTS
What is IELTS?
IELTS is the International English Language Testing System. This test is conducted to test the English proficiency. It is conducted across the globe and there were 1.7 million tests conducted in 2011 globally.
Which organizations accept IELTS?
IELTS is accepted by more than 7,000 organizations work wide. These include universities, immigration departments, government agencies, professional bodies and multinational companies which are available at IELTS Global Recognition System.
Who was IELTS and who writes the test?
The ownership of IELTS lies in the joint hands of British Council, IDP; IELTS Australia and the University of Cambridge ESOL Examinations (Cambridge ESOL). The test has centers at over 800 places and locations in over 130 countries. The material for the test is formed by international writers along with their group and is formulated by test writers from different English-speaking countries to develop IELTS content so it reflects real-life situations.
Why are there two versions of the test?
IELTS has two versions specifically for those who want to study i.e. Academic Training and for those who either want a job, or want to join a secondary school or settle in Foreign Country i.e. General Training. All candidates take the same listening and speaking test but different reading and writing test.
Which version should he use?
Read the explanation for both the versions i.e. the Academic and General Training test given and then contact the organization or institution and suits to your requirements. The intuition is to be contacted so as to find out what it requires.
What is the test format and how long will it take?
IELTS has four parts-listening (30 minutes). Reading (60 minutes). Writing (60 minutes) and speaking (11-14 minutes). The total test time is 2 hours and 45 minutes. The initial three tests are conducted on the same day. However the speaking test may be conducted either on the same day or up to seven days before or after the other tests.
In IELTS, there are four sections viz. Listening, Reading Writing and Speaking. There are two different IELTS modules: Academic and General Training both the versions differ in the sense that the speaking and listening test are the same in both versions but the Reading and Writing tests are different. Academic module; this module is chosen if you with to go for academic training in foreign country, might be an undergraduate or postgraduate level study or professional registration, e.g. doctors and nurses. General training module; it is generally undertaken if a person wants to migrate or settle in an English-speaking country (e.g. Australia, Canada, New Zealand, UK), or if you wish to train or study at below degree level.
Exam Format Paper Content Time:
- Listening 40 questions approximately 30 minutes (plus 10 minutes transfer time)
- Reading 40 question 60 minutes
- writing 2 tasks 60 minutes
- Speaking 3 parts 11 – 14 minutes
Listening and speaking sections are common for all while the reading and writing sections differ among the two versions/modules.
Listening:
Common for academic and general training section 1 includes a conversation between two people set in an everyday social context, e.g. a conversation in an accommodation agency. Section 2 plays a monologue set in an everyday social context, e.g. a speech about local facilities, section 3 provokes a conversation between up to four people set in an educational or training context to the listener, e.g. a university tutor and a student discussion an assignment. Section 4 is of a monologue on an academic subject, e.g. a university lecture.
Reading:
A very many number of questions are asked in the test to check up on your different abilities while reading. This ability test would include testing of reading for understanding gist, reading for main ideas, reading for detail, skimming, understanding logical argument, recognizing writers’ opinions, attitudes and purpose.
Academic version: The academic version in the reading section includes three long tests which may range of a subject which is descriptive and factual to discursive and analytical. The tests are authentic and are taken from books, journals, magazines and newspapers. These tests are such which do not require any specialty in the reader but at the same time, it is of the level which is required to get into graduation or post-graduation level.
General Training version: The general Training version requires you to read extracts from books, magazines, newspapers, notices, advertisements, company handbooks and guidelines. These tests are those which are likely to come about in a day to day basis in an English Speaking environment, writing academic version the writing component of the academic version includes two tasks. The topics are o general interests which do not require any specialty but at the same time, it is of the level which is required to get into graduation or post-graduation level.
Task 1: You will be presented with a graph, table, chart or diagram and on the basis of what you understand from it, you will be asked to describe, summarize or explain the information in your won works. Furthermore, you may be asked to describe and explain data, describe the stages of a process, how something works or describe an object or event.
Task 2: Essay writing is the second task of this section. This essay is based on a point of view, argument or problem. Responses to both tasks must be writing in a formal style.
General Training version:
The writing component of the General Training version includes two tasks which are based on topics of general interest.
Task 1: You will be presented with a situation, representing the situation, you will be asked to write a letter requesting information or explaining the situation. The letter may be personal, semi-formal or formal in style.
Task 2: Essay writing is the second task of this section. This essay is based on a point of view, argument or problem. Academic writing Task 2 essay is to be written in formal style while in general training this can be more of a personal sort of letter.
Speaking:
Speaking component is the same for both Academic and General training versions.
Part 1: The duration of this part is 4 – 5 minutes in which you have to answer some questions regarding yourself, your home, family, work, studies and interests.
Part 2: A card will be given to you’re on which particular topic will be stead and you have to speak for 2 minutes extempore on that topic. You will be given 1 minute in order to prepare for the topic. You will be given 1 minute in order to prepare for the topic after the card is given to you. The examiner then asks you one or two questions on the same topic to finish this part of the test.
Part 3: You will be asked further questions connected to the topic in Part 2. These questions give you an opportunity to discuss more abstract issues and ideas. This part lasts between four and five minutes.
Is the IELTS test completed in one day?
The Listening, Reading and Writing sections of the test are always competed in a day. They are undertaken immediately after each other without any brad. The speaking test may be taken up to 7 days either before or after the test date.
What if I am delayed by circumstances beyond my control (e.g. a transport strike)?
The test centre may offer you attest on the next available test date.
What can I bring into the examination room?
- You are allowed to bring only pens, pencils and erasers to the exam hall.
- Also you are to get your passport/national identity card that you used while registering for the IELTS.
- Any other item including mobile phones and pagers must be switched off and kept outside the area in the supervision of the concerned personnel.
- If you do not switch off your phone /pager or keep it on you, you will be disqualified.
Which part do I take first?
Take the Listening test first followed by the Reading and Writing sections. You may take the Speaking test up to 7 days either before or after the test date.